Understanding the population structure of a species and the barriers that disrupt dispersal is important to accurately assess the global conservation status and manage the risk of local extinction.

Reproductive isolation was found between and across ocean basins (eastern Pacific, western Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, Indo-West Pacific) with distinct island populations in Japan and Fiji.

Genetically isolated and small island populations, such as Japan and Fiji, currently face a number of threats, such as targets or bycatch in fisheries and require close monitoring as even low levels of catch may cause a population reduction.

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